Eigenschaften
Allgemein
| Property | Temperature | Value |
|---|---|---|
Dichte | 23.0 °C | 8.14 g/cm³ Show Supplier Material materials with Dichte of 8.14 g/cm³ |
Mechanisch
| Property | Temperature | Value |
|---|---|---|
Dehnung | 23.0 °C | 30 % Show Supplier Material materials with Dehnung of 30 % |
Elastizitätsmodul | 20.0 °C | 195 GPa Show Supplier Material materials with Elastizitätsmodul of 195 GPa |
100.0 °C | 190 GPa Show Supplier Material materials with Elastizitätsmodul of 190 GPa | |
200.0 °C | 185 GPa Show Supplier Material materials with Elastizitätsmodul of 185 GPa | |
300.0 °C | 179 GPa Show Supplier Material materials with Elastizitätsmodul of 179 GPa | |
400.0 °C | 174 GPa Show Supplier Material materials with Elastizitätsmodul of 174 GPa | |
500.0 °C | 168 GPa Show Supplier Material materials with Elastizitätsmodul of 168 GPa | |
600.0 °C | 161 GPa Show Supplier Material materials with Elastizitätsmodul of 161 GPa | |
700.0 °C | 154 GPa Show Supplier Material materials with Elastizitätsmodul of 154 GPa | |
800.0 °C | 142 GPa Show Supplier Material materials with Elastizitätsmodul of 142 GPa | |
900.0 °C | 130 GPa Show Supplier Material materials with Elastizitätsmodul of 130 GPa | |
1000.0 °C | 119 GPa Show Supplier Material materials with Elastizitätsmodul of 119 GPa | |
Schlagfestigkeit, Charpy gekerbt | 23.0 °C | 1500 kJ/m² Show Supplier Material materials with Schlagfestigkeit, Charpy gekerbt of 1500 kJ/m² |
Streckgrenze Rp 0,2 | 20.0 °C | 240 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Streckgrenze Rp 0,2 of 240 MPa |
100.0 °C | 205 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Streckgrenze Rp 0,2 of 205 MPa | |
150.0 °C | 190 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Streckgrenze Rp 0,2 of 190 MPa | |
200.0 °C | 180 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Streckgrenze Rp 0,2 of 180 MPa | |
250.0 °C | 175 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Streckgrenze Rp 0,2 of 175 MPa | |
300.0 °C | 170 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Streckgrenze Rp 0,2 of 170 MPa | |
350.0 °C | 165 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Streckgrenze Rp 0,2 of 165 MPa | |
400.0 °C | 160 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Streckgrenze Rp 0,2 of 160 MPa | |
450.0 °C | 155 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Streckgrenze Rp 0,2 of 155 MPa | |
Zugfestigkeit | 20.0 °C | 585 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Zugfestigkeit of 585 MPa |
100.0 °C | 530 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Zugfestigkeit of 530 MPa | |
150.0 °C | 525 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Zugfestigkeit of 525 MPa | |
200.0 °C | 515 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Zugfestigkeit of 515 MPa | |
250.0 °C | 510 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Zugfestigkeit of 510 MPa | |
300.0 °C | 500 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Zugfestigkeit of 500 MPa | |
350.0 °C | 495 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Zugfestigkeit of 495 MPa | |
400.0 °C | 490 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Zugfestigkeit of 490 MPa | |
450.0 °C | 485 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Zugfestigkeit of 485 MPa | |
impactTransVNotch | 23.0 °C | 1000 kJ/m² Show Supplier Material materials with impactTransVNotch of 1000 kJ/m² |
Thermisch
| Property | Temperature | Value |
|---|---|---|
Koeffizient der thermischen Ausdehnung | 100.0 °C | 1.41E-5 1/K Show Supplier Material materials with Koeffizient der thermischen Ausdehnung of 1.41E-5 1/K |
200.0 °C | 1.49E-5 1/K Show Supplier Material materials with Koeffizient der thermischen Ausdehnung of 1.49E-5 1/K | |
300.0 °C | 1.52E-5 1/K Show Supplier Material materials with Koeffizient der thermischen Ausdehnung of 1.52E-5 1/K | |
400.0 °C | 1.56E-5 1/K Show Supplier Material materials with Koeffizient der thermischen Ausdehnung of 1.56E-5 1/K | |
500.0 °C | 1.58E-5 1/K Show Supplier Material materials with Koeffizient der thermischen Ausdehnung of 1.58E-5 1/K | |
600.0 °C | 1.6E-5 1/K Show Supplier Material materials with Koeffizient der thermischen Ausdehnung of 1.6E-5 1/K | |
700.0 °C | 1.67E-5 1/K Show Supplier Material materials with Koeffizient der thermischen Ausdehnung of 1.67E-5 1/K | |
800.0 °C | 1.72E-5 1/K Show Supplier Material materials with Koeffizient der thermischen Ausdehnung of 1.72E-5 1/K | |
900.0 °C | 1.76E-5 1/K Show Supplier Material materials with Koeffizient der thermischen Ausdehnung of 1.76E-5 1/K | |
1000.0 °C | 1.79E-5 1/K Show Supplier Material materials with Koeffizient der thermischen Ausdehnung of 1.79E-5 1/K | |
Schmelzpunkt | 1370 - 1400 °C Show Supplier Material materials with Schmelzpunkt of 1370 - 1400 °C | |
Spezifische Wärmekapazität | 20.0 °C | 440 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Spezifische Wärmekapazität of 440 J/(kg·K) |
100.0 °C | 462 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Spezifische Wärmekapazität of 462 J/(kg·K) | |
200.0 °C | 488 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Spezifische Wärmekapazität of 488 J/(kg·K) | |
300.0 °C | 514 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Spezifische Wärmekapazität of 514 J/(kg·K) | |
400.0 °C | 540 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Spezifische Wärmekapazität of 540 J/(kg·K) | |
500.0 °C | 565 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Spezifische Wärmekapazität of 565 J/(kg·K) | |
600.0 °C | 590 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Spezifische Wärmekapazität of 590 J/(kg·K) | |
700.0 °C | 615 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Spezifische Wärmekapazität of 615 J/(kg·K) | |
800.0 °C | 655 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Spezifische Wärmekapazität of 655 J/(kg·K) | |
900.0 °C | 680 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Spezifische Wärmekapazität of 680 J/(kg·K) | |
1000.0 °C | 710 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Spezifische Wärmekapazität of 710 J/(kg·K) | |
Wärmeleitfähigkeit | 20.0 °C | 10.8 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Wärmeleitfähigkeit of 10.8 W/(m·K) |
100.0 °C | 12.4 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Wärmeleitfähigkeit of 12.4 W/(m·K) | |
200.0 °C | 14.1 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Wärmeleitfähigkeit of 14.1 W/(m·K) | |
300.0 °C | 15.6 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Wärmeleitfähigkeit of 15.6 W/(m·K) | |
400.0 °C | 16.9 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Wärmeleitfähigkeit of 16.9 W/(m·K) | |
500.0 °C | 18.3 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Wärmeleitfähigkeit of 18.3 W/(m·K) | |
600.0 °C | 19.6 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Wärmeleitfähigkeit of 19.6 W/(m·K) | |
700.0 °C | 21 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Wärmeleitfähigkeit of 21 W/(m·K) | |
800.0 °C | 23.2 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Wärmeleitfähigkeit of 23.2 W/(m·K) | |
900.0 °C | 25.7 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Wärmeleitfähigkeit of 25.7 W/(m·K) | |
1000.0 °C | 28.1 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Wärmeleitfähigkeit of 28.1 W/(m·K) | |
Elektrisch
| Property | Temperature | Value |
|---|---|---|
spezifischer Widerstand | 20.0 °C | 1.12E-6 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with spezifischer Widerstand of 1.12E-6 Ω·m |
100.0 °C | 1.14E-6 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with spezifischer Widerstand of 1.14E-6 Ω·m | |
200.0 °C | 1.18E-6 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with spezifischer Widerstand of 1.18E-6 Ω·m | |
300.0 °C | 1.2E-6 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with spezifischer Widerstand of 1.2E-6 Ω·m | |
400.0 °C | 1.24E-6 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with spezifischer Widerstand of 1.24E-6 Ω·m | |
500.0 °C | 1.26E-6 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with spezifischer Widerstand of 1.26E-6 Ω·m | |
600.0 °C | 1.26E-6 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with spezifischer Widerstand of 1.26E-6 Ω·m | |
700.0 °C | 1.27E-6 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with spezifischer Widerstand of 1.27E-6 Ω·m | |
800.0 °C | 1.28E-6 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with spezifischer Widerstand of 1.28E-6 Ω·m | |
900.0 °C | 1.29E-6 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with spezifischer Widerstand of 1.29E-6 Ω·m | |
1000.0 °C | 1.3E-6 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with spezifischer Widerstand of 1.3E-6 Ω·m | |
Magnetisch
| Property | Temperature | Value | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
Relative magnetische Permeabilität | 23.0 °C | 1.01 [-] Show Supplier Material materials with Relative magnetische Permeabilität of 1.01 [-] | max. |
Chemical properties
| Property | Value | Comment |
|---|---|---|
Aluminium | 0.2 % Show Supplier Material materials with Aluminium of 0.2 % | max. |
Chrom | 19.5 - 23.5 % Show Supplier Material materials with Chrom of 19.5 - 23.5 % | |
Eisen | 20 - 38 % Show Supplier Material materials with Eisen of 20 - 38 % | |
Kobalt | 1 % Show Supplier Material materials with Kobalt of 1 % | max. |
Kohlenstoff | 0.025 % Show Supplier Material materials with Kohlenstoff of 0.025 % | max. |
Kupfer | 1.5 - 3 % Show Supplier Material materials with Kupfer of 1.5 - 3 % | |
Mangan | 1 % Show Supplier Material materials with Mangan of 1 % | max. |
Molybdän | 2.5 - 3.5 % Show Supplier Material materials with Molybdän of 2.5 - 3.5 % | |
Nickel | 38 - 46 % Show Supplier Material materials with Nickel of 38 - 46 % | |
Phosphor | 0.02 % Show Supplier Material materials with Phosphor of 0.02 % | max. |
Schwefel | 0.015 % Show Supplier Material materials with Schwefel of 0.015 % | max. |
Silizium | 0.5 % Show Supplier Material materials with Silizium of 0.5 % | max. |
Titan | 0.6 - 1.2 % Show Supplier Material materials with Titan of 0.6 - 1.2 % |
Technological properties
| Property | ||
|---|---|---|
| Application areas | VDM® Alloy 825 is used in the oil and gas industry and in a wide variety of chemical processes. Typical application fields include: Pipes, tubes and fittings in the oil and gas extraction, e. g. in heat exchangers, evaporators, washers, immersion pipes in sea water cooled heat exchangers, offshore piping, components in sulfuric acid pickling plants like heating coils, vessels, boilers, baskets and chains, heat exchangers, evaporators, washers, immersion pipes in phosphoric acid production, food industry, approval for pressure vessels with wall temperatures up to 450 °C acc. to VdTÜV and 538 °C or Section VIII Division 1 vessels acc. to ASME. | |
| Cold Forming | Cold working should be carried out on annealed material. VDM® Alloy 825 has a higher work hardening rate than austenitic stainless steels. This must be taken into account during design and selection of forming tools and equipment and during the planning of the forming processes. Intermediate annealing may be necessary at high degrees of cold working deformation. After cold working with more than 15 % of deformation the material should be soft annealed. | |
| Corrosion properties | VDM ® Alloy 825 is a versatile engineering alloy with resistance to corrosion in acids and alkalis under both oxidizing and reducing conditions. The high nickel content gives the alloy virtual immunity to stress corrosion cracking. The corrosion resistance in various media like sulfuric, phosphoric, nitric and organic acids is good, as well as the corrosion resistance in alkalis or ammoniac, sea water and caustic chloride. The versatility of VDM® Alloy 825 is illustrated by its use in nuclear fuel element dissolvers where a variety of corrosive media, e. g. sulfuric and nitric acids and sodium hydroxide, are handled in the same equipment. | |
| General machinability | VDM® Alloy 825 should be machined in the annealed temper. As the alloy is prone to work-hardening, low cutting speeds and appropriate feed rates should be used and the tool should be engaged at all times. Sufficient chip depths are important to get below the work-hardened surface layer. The optimum dissipation of heat through the use of large amounts of appropriate, preferably water containing cooling lubricants is crucial for a stable machining process. | |
| Heat Treatment | Soft or stabilizing annealing should be carried out at temperatures between 920 and 980°C (1,690 to 1,800°F), preferably at 940±10°C (1,725±15°F). Water quenching should be carried out rapidly to achieve optimum corrosion characteristics. Workpieces of less than 3 mm (0.12 in) thickness can be cooled down using air nozzles. The workpiece has to be put into the pre-heated furnace. The furnace should be heated up to the maximum annealing temperature. The retention time during annealing depends on the workpiece thickness. | |
| Hot forming | VDM® Alloy 825 may be hot-worked in the temperature range 1,150 to 900 °C (2,100 to 1,650 °F) with subsequent rapid cooling down in water or by using air. The workpieces should be placed in the furnace heated to hot working temperature in order to heat up. Once the temperature has equalised, a retention time of 60 minutes for each 100mm (4 in) of workpiece thickness is recommended. After this, the workpieces should be removed immediately and formed during the stated temperature window. If the material temperature falls below the minimum hot working temperature, the workpiece must be reheated. Heat treatment after hot working is recommended in order to achieve optimum properties and corrosion resistance. | |
| Other | VDM® Alloy 825 has a face-centered-cubic crystal structure. | |
| Welding | VDM® Alloy 825 can be joined to itself and to many other metals by conventional welding processes. These include GTAW (TIG), plasma arc, GMAW (MIG/MAG) and SMAW (MMA). Pulsed arc welding is the preferred technique. For the MAG process the use of a multi-component shielding gas (Ar + He + H2 + CO2) is recommended. For welding, VDM® Alloy 825 should be in the annealed temper and be free from scale, grease and markings. When welding roots, sufficient protection of the root needs to be ensured with pure argon (Ar 4.6) so that the welding seam is free of oxides after welding. Root backing is also recommended for the first intermediate pass following the initial root pass and in some cases even for the second pass, depending on the weld set-up. Any discoloration/heat tint should be removed preferably by brushing with a stainless steel wire brush while the weld metal is still hot. | |