UGIMA® 4509 Annealed

UGIMA® 4509 can easily be used for conventional cold-working processes: cold drawing, shaping, forming, cold heading, etc. As it is moderately work-hardened, there is less force on the tools.

Pitting corrosion: We assessed this type of corrosion by testing the pitting potential: the higher its mV/SCE, the greater the pitting corrosion resistance; a neutral, slightly chlorinated pH environment (0.02 moles/litre of so-dium chloride) of municipal drinking water was chosen (at 23°C). The following table gives the pitting potential values measured on samples from bars turned in the transverse direction:

Neutral salt spray test to ISO 9227 operating standard: Although, on stainless steels, this test greatly depends on the surface condition tested (presence of scratches, etc.), it was carried out on 15 mm diameter bars in their longitudinal direction, after me-chanical polishing with SIC 1200 paper. After both UGIMA® 4509 and UGI 4509 grades were tested for 500 hours, 90% of their surfaces were free from corrosion pitting. In this respect too, the salt spray resistance of UGIMA® 4509 is identical to that of UGI 4509.

High-temperature oxidation resistance: A cyclic oxidation test was performed in air at 900°C which was maintained for 20 minutes, followed by air cooling for 300 cycles; the following table shows that the thicknesses of the oxide layers formed (fine and adhesive) are similar for both UGIMA® 4509 and UGI 4509 grades.

Compared to a standard 1.4509, UGIMA® 4509 provides significant productivity increases in machin-ing, thanks to slower tool wear and, above all, better chip breakability for the same cutting conditions.

Turning: Standard VB15/0.15 tests were performed dry on a numerically controlled lathe and Chip Breaking Zones (CBZ) were determined. For equivalent tool wear, they revealed (see table below) a potential increase in productivity of approximately 6% with UGIMA® 4509, compared to a standard 1.4509, as well as im-proved chip breakability, reducing the risk of machine stoppage (to remove balls of chips that might form and break tools or scratch machined parts).

(1) VB15/0.15: cutting speed at which 0.15 mm flank wear is noted in 15 minutes of actual machining; (2) CBZ: forward sweeping (0.1 to 0.4 mm/rev in increments of 0.05 mm/rev) and depth of cut (0.5 to 4 mm in increments of 0.5 mm) at a constant cutting speed, to determine the number of correct chip breaking conditions out of 7 x 8 = 56 tested.

(1) for f = 0.3 mm/rev, the standard 1.4509 chips are not well-broken, thus inducing lots of machine stops ; for f = 0,35 mm/rev and Vc = 130 m/min, 1000 parts are obtained in the standard 1.4509, their chips are well-broken but the Ra roughness of parts are over the 3.2 µm limit; (2) cut-ting conditions ensuring roughness Ra < 1.6 µm on the 1000 machined parts, thanks to limited tool wear; (3) maximal cutting speed of the TORNOS SIGMA 32 machine, making the differentiation between both grades; (4) VB15/0.25 : cutting speed at which 0.25 mm flank wear is noted in 15 minutes of actual machining; (5) at these extreme cutting conditions for standard 1.4509, bad surface roughness due to excessive tool wear.

Cutting-off: The table below shows, for a cross-cutting operation, the cutting conditions that can be achieved to produce 1000 components without having to change tool for each grade. In parting-off, a very important increase in productivity (more than 80%) was noted with UGIMA® 4509 compared to a standard 1.4509.

Softening: To restore ductility after cold deformation, Ugima® 4509 can be treated at a temperature between 750 and 900°C and air cooled.

UGIMA® 4509 has excellent forgeability at all temperatures, due to its entirely ferritic structure. It can be hot formed by forging or rolling at between 800°C and 1150°C. The heating temperature must not exceed 1150°C to prevent excessive grain growth.

Available products:

Other products: contact the supplier

Thanks to its niobium and titanium bi-stabilisation, UGIMA® 4509 can be welded in the same way as a stand-ard 1.4509 by most arc welding processes (MIG/TIG, with or without filler metal, coated electrodes, plasma, etc.) by laser, resistance (spot or seam), friction or electrode beam welding, etc. No heat treatment must be carried out before or after welding so as to prevent ferritic grain growth in the grade.

If a welding filler material is used, a homogeneous (stabilised ferritic) filler metal such as EXHAUST® F1 (18LNb) is preferred to ensure that the welded area (weld metal zone) [WZ] and heat-affected zone [HAZ]) is a 100 % homogeneous ferritic structure; for thick welds (≥ 3mm), an austenitic filler metal such as ER308L(Si) (1.4316) is preferred, in order to eliminate the risk of weakening the WZ through excessive grain growth. In MIG, as in TIG, the shielding gas must not contain hydrogen or nitrogen. In MIG, welds will be made under Ar (+ possibly He) + 1 to 3% O₂ or CO₂. In TIG, welds will be made under Ar (+ possibly He).