General
Mechanical
Property | Temperature | Value | Comment |
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Charpy impact energy | -270.0 °C | 60 J Show Supplier Material materials with Charpy impact energy of 60 J | min., EN 13445-2 (UFPV-2) and EN 10216-5 |
-196.0 °C | 60 J Show Supplier Material materials with Charpy impact energy of 60 J | min., EN 13445-2 (UFPV-2) and EN 10216-5 | |
Elastic modulus | 20.0 °C | 195 GPa Show Supplier Material materials with Elastic modulus of 195 GPa | |
100.0 °C | 190 GPa Show Supplier Material materials with Elastic modulus of 190 GPa | ||
200.0 °C | 182 GPa Show Supplier Material materials with Elastic modulus of 182 GPa | ||
300.0 °C | 174 GPa Show Supplier Material materials with Elastic modulus of 174 GPa | ||
400.0 °C | 166 GPa Show Supplier Material materials with Elastic modulus of 166 GPa | ||
500.0 °C | 158 GPa Show Supplier Material materials with Elastic modulus of 158 GPa | ||
Elongation | 23.0 °C | 35 % Show Supplier Material materials with Elongation of 35 % | min. |
Hardness, Vickers | 23.0 °C | 155 [-] Show Supplier Material materials with Hardness, Vickers of 155 [-] | |
Tensile strength | 20.0 °C | 500 - 670 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Tensile strength of 500 - 670 MPa | |
50.0 °C | 485 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Tensile strength of 485 MPa | ||
100.0 °C | 470 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Tensile strength of 470 MPa | ||
150.0 °C | 455 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Tensile strength of 455 MPa | ||
200.0 °C | 440 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Tensile strength of 440 MPa | ||
250.0 °C | 430 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Tensile strength of 430 MPa | ||
300.0 °C | 420 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Tensile strength of 420 MPa | ||
350.0 °C | 415 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Tensile strength of 415 MPa | ||
400.0 °C | 410 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Tensile strength of 410 MPa | ||
Yield strength Rp0.1 | 20.0 °C | 210 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.1 of 210 MPa | min. |
50.0 °C | 225 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.1 of 225 MPa | min. | |
100.0 °C | 210 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.1 of 210 MPa | min. | |
150.0 °C | 200 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.1 of 200 MPa | min. | |
200.0 °C | 190 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.1 of 190 MPa | min. | |
250.0 °C | 180 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.1 of 180 MPa | min. | |
300.0 °C | 170 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.1 of 170 MPa | min. | |
350.0 °C | 165 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.1 of 165 MPa | min. | |
400.0 °C | 160 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.1 of 160 MPa | min. | |
Yield strength Rp0.2 | 20.0 °C | 205 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.2 of 205 MPa | min. |
50.0 °C | 195 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.2 of 195 MPa | min. | |
100.0 °C | 180 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.2 of 180 MPa | min. | |
150.0 °C | 170 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.2 of 170 MPa | min. | |
200.0 °C | 160 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.2 of 160 MPa | min. | |
250.0 °C | 150 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.2 of 150 MPa | min. | |
300.0 °C | 145 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.2 of 145 MPa | min. | |
350.0 °C | 140 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.2 of 140 MPa | min. | |
400.0 °C | 135 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.2 of 135 MPa | min. | |
Thermal
Property | Temperature | Value | Comment |
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Coefficient of thermal expansion | 100.0 °C | 1.55E-5 1/K Show Supplier Material materials with Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.55E-5 1/K | for 30°C to the mentioned temperature |
200.0 °C | 1.65E-5 1/K Show Supplier Material materials with Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.65E-5 1/K | for 30°C to the mentioned temperature | |
300.0 °C | 1.7E-5 1/K Show Supplier Material materials with Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.7E-5 1/K | for 30°C to the mentioned temperature | |
400.0 °C | 1.7E-5 1/K Show Supplier Material materials with Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.7E-5 1/K | for 30°C to the mentioned temperature | |
500.0 °C | 1.75E-5 1/K Show Supplier Material materials with Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.75E-5 1/K | for 30°C to the mentioned temperature | |
600.0 °C | 1.75E-5 1/K Show Supplier Material materials with Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.75E-5 1/K | for 30°C to the mentioned temperature | |
700.0 °C | 1.8E-5 1/K Show Supplier Material materials with Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.8E-5 1/K | for 30°C to the mentioned temperature | |
Specific heat capacity | 20.0 °C | 470 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Specific heat capacity of 470 J/(kg·K) | |
100.0 °C | 495 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Specific heat capacity of 495 J/(kg·K) | ||
200.0 °C | 530 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Specific heat capacity of 530 J/(kg·K) | ||
300.0 °C | 555 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Specific heat capacity of 555 J/(kg·K) | ||
400.0 °C | 580 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Specific heat capacity of 580 J/(kg·K) | ||
500.0 °C | 600 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Specific heat capacity of 600 J/(kg·K) | ||
600.0 °C | 615 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Specific heat capacity of 615 J/(kg·K) | ||
700.0 °C | 630 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Specific heat capacity of 630 J/(kg·K) | ||
Thermal conductivity | 20.0 °C | 13 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Thermal conductivity of 13 W/(m·K) | |
100.0 °C | 15 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Thermal conductivity of 15 W/(m·K) | ||
200.0 °C | 17 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Thermal conductivity of 17 W/(m·K) | ||
300.0 °C | 19 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Thermal conductivity of 19 W/(m·K) | ||
400.0 °C | 21 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Thermal conductivity of 21 W/(m·K) | ||
500.0 °C | 23 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Thermal conductivity of 23 W/(m·K) | ||
600.0 °C | 25 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Thermal conductivity of 25 W/(m·K) | ||
700.0 °C | 26 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Thermal conductivity of 26 W/(m·K) | ||
Electrical
Property | Temperature | Value |
---|---|---|
Electrical resistivity | 20.0 °C | 8.4E-7 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with Electrical resistivity of 8.4E-7 Ω·m |
100.0 °C | 9E-7 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with Electrical resistivity of 9E-7 Ω·m | |
200.0 °C | 9.8E-7 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with Electrical resistivity of 9.8E-7 Ω·m | |
300.0 °C | 1.07E-6 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with Electrical resistivity of 1.07E-6 Ω·m | |
400.0 °C | 1.1E-6 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with Electrical resistivity of 1.1E-6 Ω·m | |
500.0 °C | 1.14E-6 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with Electrical resistivity of 1.14E-6 Ω·m | |
600.0 °C | 1.18E-6 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with Electrical resistivity of 1.18E-6 Ω·m | |
700.0 °C | 1.2E-6 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with Electrical resistivity of 1.2E-6 Ω·m | |
800.0 °C | 1.22E-6 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with Electrical resistivity of 1.22E-6 Ω·m | |
900.0 °C | 1.23E-6 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with Electrical resistivity of 1.23E-6 Ω·m | |
1000.0 °C | 1.24E-6 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with Electrical resistivity of 1.24E-6 Ω·m | |
Chemical properties
Property | Value | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|
Carbon | 0.015 % Show Supplier Material materials with Carbon of 0.015 % | max. | |
Chromium | 24.5 % Show Supplier Material materials with Chromium of 24.5 % | ||
Iron | Balance | ||
Manganese | 1.8 % Show Supplier Material materials with Manganese of 1.8 % | ||
Molybdenum | 0.1 % Show Supplier Material materials with Molybdenum of 0.1 % | ||
Nickel | 20 % Show Supplier Material materials with Nickel of 20 % | ||
Phosphorus | 0.02 % Show Supplier Material materials with Phosphorus of 0.02 % | max. | |
Silicon | 0.15 % Show Supplier Material materials with Silicon of 0.15 % | max. | |
Sulfur | 5E-3 % Show Supplier Material materials with Sulfur of 5E-3 % | max. |
Technological properties
Property | ||
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Application areas | Sandvik 2RE10 is very suitable for heat exchanger tube and pipe in processes that treat nitric acid, for example, the manufacture of nitric acid, acrylic fibres, ammonium nitrate and the reprocessing of nuclear reactor fuel. Extensive practical experience in such applications has confirmed the superiority of Sandvik 2RE10 over standard steels such as ASTM 304L and ASTM 329. Tail gas preheaters: The main reason for highly corrosive conditions in tail gas preheaters is that droplets of nitric acid are entrained in the tail gas from the absorption tower. When this gas enters the heater, the droplets settle on the hot tube wall and start boiling. The temperature of the heating medium, usually hot process gas or steam, can be very high. In this type of condition, ASTM 304L tends to have a short service life. Tubes and tube sheets manufactured in Sandvik 2RE10 are recommended for a long service life. Cooler/condensers: In cooler/condensers, corrosion is normally encountered at the inlet end, where the first condensate is formed. If reboiling of the first condensate occurs, the corrosive conditions become very severe, leading to the kind of attack illustrated in figure 5. This typical corrosion problem can be detected easily. By upgrading to Sandvik 2RE10 the service life will be substantially longer than, for example, ASTM 304L. | |
Certifications | Approvals: ASME Code Case 2591. Section VIII, Division 1 | |
Cold Forming | The excellent formability of Sandvik 2RE10 permits cold bending to very small bending radii. Cold working does not impair resistance to general and intergranular corrosion. Annealing is not normally necessary after cold bending. If, however, tubes have been cold worked and are to be used under conditions where stress corrosion cracking (SCC) is liable to occur, stress relieving is recommended. See under 'Heat treatment'. | |
Corrosion properties | General corrosion: General corrosion: Sandvik 2RE10 was developed to combat corrosion problems in nitric acid service. Thanks to its high chromium and low impurity contents it has considerably better resistance to nitric acid than steels of type ASTM 304L, as illustrated by the isocorrosion diagram, figure 1. In such applications Sandvik 2RE10 is far superior to ASTM 304L, ASTM 321 and ASTM 329.The corrosion rates of these grades in 65% nitric acid (Huey test) are compared in figure 2. Sandvik 3R12 is the Sandvik version of ASTM 304L. Results are presented from tests of solution annealed material (the delivery condition) and also material in a sensitized 650°C (1202°F) for 1 h condition. ASTM 329 was sensitized at 650°C (1202°F ) for only 5 min. Stress corrosion cracking (SCC): The higher nickel content makes Sandvik 2RE10 slightly more resistant to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) than conventional austenitic stainless steels, such as ASTM 304L. Intergranular corrosion: Sandvik 2RE10 is highly resistant to intergranular corrosion even after long-term sensitization. Figure 3 shows the results of Huey testing (boiling in 65% nitric acid for 5x48 h) sensitized specimens of Sandvik 2RE10 and a steel of type ASTM 304L. The low tendency for sensitization is an advantage in complicated welding operations. In delivery testing, by means of the Huey test, the guaranteed maximum corrosion rate for Sandvik 2RE10 is 0.12 mm/year (5 mpy) in the solution annealed condition, and 0.20 mm/year (8 mpy) after sensitization at 675°C (1250°F). Even lower values can be guaranteed by agreement in certain cases. Figure 3 demonstrates that sensitization does not increase the corrosion rate greatly in Huey testing, whereas the corrosion rate for ASTM 304L increases significantly. Pitting corrosion: Sandvik 2RE10 has considerably higher pitting corrosion resistance than ASTM 304L and is also superior to ASTM 329, as illustrated by figure 4. | |
Heat Treatment | Tubes are delivered in the heat treated condition. If another heat treatment is needed, due to further processing, the following is recommended. Stress relieving: 850–950°C (1560–1740°F), 10–15 minutes, rapid cooling in air. Alternatively 1000–1050°C (1830–1920°F), about 1 minute, rapid cooling in air. Solution annealing: 1000–1100°C (1830–2010°F), 5–20 minutes, rapid cooling in air or water. | |
Other | Forms of supply: Tube and pipe are supplied in dimensions up to 80 mm (3.15 in.) outside diameter in the solution annealed and white-pickled or in the bright annealed condition. Sandvik 2RE10 is also supplied in forms of: | |
Welding | The weldability of Sandvik 2RE10 is good. Suitable methods of fusion welding are manual metal-arc welding (MMA/SMAW) and gas-shielded arc welding, with the TIG/GTAW method as first choice. In common with all fully austenitic stainless steels, Sandvik 2RE10 has low thermal conductivity and high thermal expansion. Welding plans should therefore be carefully selected in advance, so that distortions of the welded joint are minimized. If residual stresses are a concern, solution annealing can be performed after welding. For Sandvik 2RE10, heat-input of <1.0 kJ/mm and interpass temperature of <100°C (210°F) are recommended. A string bead welding technique should be used. Recommended filler metals:
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