Properties
General
Mechanical
| Property | Temperature | Value | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
Creep strength 10^4 cycles | 550.0 °C | 206 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Creep strength 10^4 cycles of 206 MPa | at 10000h, average values |
600.0 °C | 127 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Creep strength 10^4 cycles of 127 MPa | at 10000h, average values | |
650.0 °C | 82 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Creep strength 10^4 cycles of 82 MPa | at 10000h, average values | |
700.0 °C | 56 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Creep strength 10^4 cycles of 56 MPa | at 10000h, average values | |
750.0 °C | 39 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Creep strength 10^4 cycles of 39 MPa | at 10000h, average values | |
800.0 °C | 28 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Creep strength 10^4 cycles of 28 MPa | at 10000h, average values | |
850.0 °C | 20 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Creep strength 10^4 cycles of 20 MPa | at 10000h, average values | |
900.0 °C | 15 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Creep strength 10^4 cycles of 15 MPa | at 10000h, average values | |
950.0 °C | 11 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Creep strength 10^4 cycles of 11 MPa | at 10000h, average values | |
1000.0 °C | 8 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Creep strength 10^4 cycles of 8 MPa | at 10000h, average values | |
1050.0 °C | 6 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Creep strength 10^4 cycles of 6 MPa | at 10000h, average values | |
1100.0 °C | 4.5 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Creep strength 10^4 cycles of 4.5 MPa | at 10000h, average values | |
Creep strength 10^5 cycles | 550.0 °C | 129 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Creep strength 10^5 cycles of 129 MPa | at 100000h, average values |
600.0 °C | 80 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Creep strength 10^5 cycles of 80 MPa | at 100000h, average values | |
650.0 °C | 52 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Creep strength 10^5 cycles of 52 MPa | at 100000h, average values | |
700.0 °C | 36 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Creep strength 10^5 cycles of 36 MPa | at 100000h, average values | |
750.0 °C | 25 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Creep strength 10^5 cycles of 25 MPa | at 100000h, average values | |
800.0 °C | 18 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Creep strength 10^5 cycles of 18 MPa | at 100000h, average values | |
850.0 °C | 14 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Creep strength 10^5 cycles of 14 MPa | at 100000h, average values | |
900.0 °C | 10 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Creep strength 10^5 cycles of 10 MPa | at 100000h, average values | |
950.0 °C | 6.7 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Creep strength 10^5 cycles of 6.7 MPa | at 100000h, average values | |
1000.0 °C | 44.8 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Creep strength 10^5 cycles of 44.8 MPa | at 100000h, average values | |
1050.0 °C | 3.5 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Creep strength 10^5 cycles of 3.5 MPa | at 100000h, average values | |
1100.0 °C | 2.9 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Creep strength 10^5 cycles of 2.9 MPa | at 100000h, average values | |
Elastic modulus | 20.0 °C | 190 GPa Show Supplier Material materials with Elastic modulus of 190 GPa | |
200.0 °C | 180 GPa Show Supplier Material materials with Elastic modulus of 180 GPa | ||
400.0 °C | 165 GPa Show Supplier Material materials with Elastic modulus of 165 GPa | ||
600.0 °C | 155 GPa Show Supplier Material materials with Elastic modulus of 155 GPa | ||
700.0 °C | 150 GPa Show Supplier Material materials with Elastic modulus of 150 GPa | ||
800.0 °C | 140 GPa Show Supplier Material materials with Elastic modulus of 140 GPa | ||
900.0 °C | 135 GPa Show Supplier Material materials with Elastic modulus of 135 GPa | ||
1000.0 °C | 130 GPa Show Supplier Material materials with Elastic modulus of 130 GPa | ||
1100.0 °C | 125 GPa Show Supplier Material materials with Elastic modulus of 125 GPa | ||
Elongation | 23.0 °C | 40 % Show Supplier Material materials with Elongation of 40 % | min. |
Elongation A2 | 23.0 °C | 35 % Show Supplier Material materials with Elongation A2 of 35 % | min. |
Hardness, Vickers | 23.0 °C | 160 [-] Show Supplier Material materials with Hardness, Vickers of 160 [-] | |
Tensile strength | 23.0 °C | 650 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Tensile strength of 650 MPa | min. |
Yield strength Rp0.1 | 20.0 °C | 340 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.1 of 340 MPa | min. |
100.0 °C | 261 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.1 of 261 MPa | min. | |
200.0 °C | 223 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.1 of 223 MPa | min. | |
300.0 °C | 190 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.1 of 190 MPa | min. | |
400.0 °C | 173 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.1 of 173 MPa | min. | |
500.0 °C | 163 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.1 of 163 MPa | min. | |
600.0 °C | 159 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.1 of 159 MPa | min. | |
Yield strength Rp0.2 | 20.0 °C | 300 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.2 of 300 MPa | min. |
100.0 °C | 228 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.2 of 228 MPa | min. | |
200.0 °C | 195 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.2 of 195 MPa | min. | |
300.0 °C | 166 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.2 of 166 MPa | min. | |
400.0 °C | 152 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.2 of 152 MPa | min. | |
500.0 °C | 143 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.2 of 143 MPa | min. | |
600.0 °C | 138 MPa Show Supplier Material materials with Yield strength Rp0.2 of 138 MPa | min. | |
Thermal
| Property | Temperature | Value | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
Coefficient of thermal expansion | 100.0 °C | 1.55E-5 1/K Show Supplier Material materials with Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.55E-5 1/K | for 20°C to the mentioned temperature |
200.0 °C | 1.55E-5 1/K Show Supplier Material materials with Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.55E-5 1/K | for 20°C to the mentioned temperature | |
400.0 °C | 1.65E-5 1/K Show Supplier Material materials with Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.65E-5 1/K | for 20°C to the mentioned temperature | |
600.0 °C | 1.7E-5 1/K Show Supplier Material materials with Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.7E-5 1/K | for 20°C to the mentioned temperature | |
700.0 °C | 1.7E-5 1/K Show Supplier Material materials with Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.7E-5 1/K | for 20°C to the mentioned temperature | |
800.0 °C | 1.75E-5 1/K Show Supplier Material materials with Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.75E-5 1/K | for 20°C to the mentioned temperature | |
900.0 °C | 1.8E-5 1/K Show Supplier Material materials with Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.8E-5 1/K | for 20°C to the mentioned temperature | |
1000.0 °C | 1.8E-5 1/K Show Supplier Material materials with Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.8E-5 1/K | for 20°C to the mentioned temperature | |
1100.0 °C | 1.85E-5 1/K Show Supplier Material materials with Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.85E-5 1/K | for 20°C to the mentioned temperature | |
Max service temperature | 1175 °C Show Supplier Material materials with Max service temperature of 1175 °C | ||
Specific heat capacity | 20.0 °C | 480 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Specific heat capacity of 480 J/(kg·K) | |
100.0 °C | 500 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Specific heat capacity of 500 J/(kg·K) | ||
200.0 °C | 530 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Specific heat capacity of 530 J/(kg·K) | ||
300.0 °C | 555 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Specific heat capacity of 555 J/(kg·K) | ||
400.0 °C | 575 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Specific heat capacity of 575 J/(kg·K) | ||
500.0 °C | 590 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Specific heat capacity of 590 J/(kg·K) | ||
600.0 °C | 610 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Specific heat capacity of 610 J/(kg·K) | ||
700.0 °C | 625 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Specific heat capacity of 625 J/(kg·K) | ||
800.0 °C | 640 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Specific heat capacity of 640 J/(kg·K) | ||
900.0 °C | 655 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Specific heat capacity of 655 J/(kg·K) | ||
1000.0 °C | 665 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Specific heat capacity of 665 J/(kg·K) | ||
1100.0 °C | 680 J/(kg·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Specific heat capacity of 680 J/(kg·K) | ||
Thermal conductivity | 20.0 °C | 11 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Thermal conductivity of 11 W/(m·K) | |
100.0 °C | 13 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Thermal conductivity of 13 W/(m·K) | ||
200.0 °C | 15 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Thermal conductivity of 15 W/(m·K) | ||
300.0 °C | 17 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Thermal conductivity of 17 W/(m·K) | ||
400.0 °C | 18 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Thermal conductivity of 18 W/(m·K) | ||
500.0 °C | 20 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Thermal conductivity of 20 W/(m·K) | ||
600.0 °C | 22 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Thermal conductivity of 22 W/(m·K) | ||
700.0 °C | 23 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Thermal conductivity of 23 W/(m·K) | ||
800.0 °C | 25 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Thermal conductivity of 25 W/(m·K) | ||
900.0 °C | 26 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Thermal conductivity of 26 W/(m·K) | ||
1000.0 °C | 27 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Thermal conductivity of 27 W/(m·K) | ||
1100.0 °C | 29 W/(m·K) Show Supplier Material materials with Thermal conductivity of 29 W/(m·K) | ||
Electrical
| Property | Temperature | Value |
|---|---|---|
Electrical resistivity | 20.0 °C | 1E-6 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with Electrical resistivity of 1E-6 Ω·m |
200.0 °C | 1.07E-6 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with Electrical resistivity of 1.07E-6 Ω·m | |
400.0 °C | 1.14E-6 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with Electrical resistivity of 1.14E-6 Ω·m | |
600.0 °C | 1.2E-6 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with Electrical resistivity of 1.2E-6 Ω·m | |
700.0 °C | 1.22E-6 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with Electrical resistivity of 1.22E-6 Ω·m | |
800.0 °C | 1.25E-6 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with Electrical resistivity of 1.25E-6 Ω·m | |
900.0 °C | 1.28E-6 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with Electrical resistivity of 1.28E-6 Ω·m | |
1000.0 °C | 1.3E-6 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with Electrical resistivity of 1.3E-6 Ω·m | |
1100.0 °C | 1.32E-6 Ω·m Show Supplier Material materials with Electrical resistivity of 1.32E-6 Ω·m | |
Chemical properties
| Property | Value | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|
Carbon | 0.07 % Show Supplier Material materials with Carbon of 0.07 % | ||
Cerium | 0.05 % Show Supplier Material materials with Cerium of 0.05 % | The quantity of other rare earth metals should be added to cerium, because the addition takes the form of misch metal containing about 50 % Ce. | |
Chromium | 25 % Show Supplier Material materials with Chromium of 25 % | ||
Iron | Balance | ||
Manganese | 1.5 % Show Supplier Material materials with Manganese of 1.5 % | ||
Nickel | 35 % Show Supplier Material materials with Nickel of 35 % | ||
Nitrogen | 0.16 % Show Supplier Material materials with Nitrogen of 0.16 % | ||
Phosphorus | 0.04 % Show Supplier Material materials with Phosphorus of 0.04 % | max. | |
Silicon | 1.6 % Show Supplier Material materials with Silicon of 1.6 % | ||
Sulfur | 0.015 % Show Supplier Material materials with Sulfur of 0.015 % | max. | |
Technological properties
| Property | ||
|---|---|---|
| Application areas | The excellent oxidation and carburization resistance of Sandvik 353 MA in constantly carburizing gas, makes it particularly suitable grade for high-temperature petrochemical furnaces. The high nitriding resistance is very beneficial for service in high temperature cracked ammonia gas. Typical applications are: *353 MA is a trademark owned by Outokumpu OY. | |
| Cold Forming | Due to its higher strength compared with conventional stainless steels, higher deformation forces are required for cold bending of Sandvik 353 MA. | |
| Corrosion properties | Oxidation: Owing to the high silicon content and the addition of rare earth metals (REM), Sandvik 353 MA has very high resistance to oxidation. The REM addition also contributes to improved scale adhesion during temperature cycling. Figure 1, which shows the measured weight increase after 45 h cyclic oxidation at different temperatures, illustrates how Sandvik 353 MA compares with some other high temperature grades. Weight increase after longer exposure at 1150°C (2100°F) is shown in Figure 2. The weight increase shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 includes the weight of any spalled oxide. Carburizing and nitrogen pick-up: Corrosion attack by carburization or nitrogen pick-up usually follows a parabolic rate law: x2=kp * t+C, where x is the attack, expressed as penetration depth or weight increase, kp a rate constant, t exposure time and C a constant accounting for the initial attack (which follows a different rate law). Due to its ability to form a dense chromium oxide and its high nickel content, Sandvik 353 MA also has good resistance to carburization and nitrogen pick-up. Figure 3 shows the measured rate constants for carburization tests of various alloys at different temperatures. Cyclically carburizing-oxidizing conditions are often more detrimental, but, as Figure 4 shows, Sandvik 353 MA is able to resist these conditions better than other alloys. In nitrogen pick-up tests, Figure 5, Sandvik 353 MA showed similar resistance to Alloy 601. Sulphur attack: Alloys with high nickel content are generally sensitive to attack by sulphur at higher temperatures. However, under oxidizing conditions a protective oxide will be able to form, contributing to an improved resistance to sulphur attack. This is illustrated in Figure 6, which shows the rate constant for different alloys in different sulphidizing-oxidizing conditions. Again, the dense oxide formed on Sandvik 353 MA is shown to be advantageous. | |
| Heat Treatment | Tubes are delivered in the heat treated condition. If another heat treatment is needed after further processing, the following is recommended: Stress relieving: 1000–1100°C (1830–2010°F), 10–15 minutes, cooling in air. Solution annealing: 1100–1200°C (2010–2190°F), 5–20 minutes, rapid cooling in air or water. Annealing after cold bending is not normally necessary, but this decision should be made taking account of the degree of bending and the service conditions. | |
| Other | Forms of supply: Seamless tube and pipe in Sandvik 353 MA is supplied in dimensions up to 200 mm (7.9 in.) outside diameter in the solution-annealed and white pickled condition, or solution annealed by a bright-annealing process. Other forms of supply: | |
| Welding | The weldability of Sandvik 353 MA is good. Suitable methods of fusion welding are manual metal-arc welding (MMA/SMAW) and gas-shielded arc welding, with the TIG/GTAW method as first choice. In common with all fully austenitic stainless steels, Sandvik 353 MA has low thermal conductivity and high thermal expansion. Welding plans should therefore be carefully selected in advance, so that distortions of the welded joint are minimized. If residual stresses are a concern, solution annealing can be performed after welding. For Sandvik 353 MA, heat-input of <1.0 kJ/mm and interpass temperature of <100°C (210°F) are recommended. Recommended filler metals:
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