UGIMA® 4460 Cold Finished and Drawn

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Description

UGIMA® 4460 is an improved machinability stainless steel manufactured only by UGITECH.


Its properties are identical to those of 1.4460, except for its machinability, which is quite exceptional.

  • UGIMA® 4460 brings a technological advance that provides significant advantages, whatever the machining conditions, the machine or the tooling used.
  • Productivity increases of 10% to 30% have been obtained over grade 1.4460, the current market standard

  • Mechanical properties measured for cold-finished product produced from a range of hot-rolled steels (not drawn)


    We must first remember that the use of austeno-ferritic grades above 300°C is not recommended, owing to the formation of embrittling phases that reduce resilience and affect the corrosion resistance properties (alpha', chi, and sigma phases at higher temperatures).


    The DUPLEX or AUSTENO-FERRITIC grades are, as their names imply, partly austenitic (non-magnetic) and partly ferritic (ferromagnetic) phases.

    This material data has been provided by Ugitech SA.

    "Typical" values were obtained via a literature search. "Predicted" values were imputed via artificial intelligence technology. While we have placed significant efforts in ensuring data accuracy, "typical" and "predicted" data should be considered indicative and verified by appropriate material testing. Please do contact us if additional information on the the predicted data method is required.
    All metrics apply to room temperature unless otherwise stated. SI units used unless otherwise stated.
    Equivalent standards are similar to one or more standards provided by the supplier. Some equivalent standards may be stricter whereas others may be outside the bounds of the original standard.

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    Properties

    General

    PropertyValue

    Density

    7.8 g/cm³

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    Mechanical

    PropertyTemperatureValue

    Charpy impact energy, V-notch

    60.0 - 120.0 J

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    Elastic modulus

    20 °C

    200 GPa

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    100 °C

    194 GPa

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    200 °C

    186 GPa

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    300 °C

    180 GPa

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    Elongation

    20 %

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    Poisson's ratio

    0.30000000000000004 [-]

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    Reduction of area

    64.0 %

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    Tensile strength

    920 MPa

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    Thermal

    PropertyValueComment

    Coefficient of thermal expansion

    0.000013 1/K

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    20 to 100°C

    0.0000135 1/K

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    20 to 200°C

    0.000014 1/K

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    20 to 300°C

    Specific heat capacity

    500 J/(kg·K)

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    Thermal conductivity

    16 W/(m·K)

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    Electrical

    PropertyValue

    Electrical resistivity

    8e-07 Ω·m

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    Magnetic

    PropertyValueComment

    Coercive force

    680.0 A/m

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    Relative magnetic permeability

    100 [-]

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    max.

    Chemical properties

    PropertyValueComment

    Carbon

    0.03

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    max.

    Chromium

    26.0 - 27.0 %

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    Manganese

    1.0

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    max.

    Molybdenum

    1.3 - 1.8 %

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    Nickel

    4.5 - 5.0 %

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    Nitrogen

    0.05 - 0.2 %

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    Phosphorus

    0.035

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    max.

    Silicon

    0.75

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    max.

    Sulfur

    0.02 - 0.03 %

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    Technological properties

    Property
    Application areas

  • Chemical industry
  • Engineering
  • Oil and petrochemical industry
  • Water sports
  • Arms
  • Construction

  • Corrosion properties

    The corrosion resistance properties of Ugima® 4460 in phosphoric and chloride environments are excellent. They are considerably higher than those of 316 steel in environments liable to cause pitting and crevice or stress corrosion. The table below shows an example of a scale of performance in different manufacturing environments:


    EnvironmentPerformance
    Nitric acidGOOD
    Phosphoric acidGOOD
    Sulphuric acidMODERATE
    Acetic acidGOOD
    Sodium carbonateGOOD
    NaCl (Saline mist)EXCELLENT
    HumidityEXCELLENT
    Sea waterGOOD
    Oil/gasGOOD

    General machinability

    The two-phase structure of these steels, each phase of which performs differently during machining, makes them more difficult to machine than austenitic stainless steels. They put a great strain on the tools (risk of vibrations, coating chipping) if they are not machined under optimum cutting conditions and if the tools used are not of the correct quality. Unlike austenitic stainless steels, they require the use of coated carbine inserts and low cutting speeds.


    The performance of UGIMA® 4460 in machining is exceptionally good as a result of the optimisation of the inclusion population.

    Heat Treatment

    1.4460 steel is used in annealed condition at 1030/1100°C and is OIL or WATER cooled. The heat treatment allows users to:

  • balance the phases when (ferrite + austenite) are used,
  • eliminate undesirable embrittlement phases such as the Sigma phase which would affect the resilience as well as the corrosion resistance properties of the steel.

  • Hot forming

    The forgeability of Ugima® 4460 is not as good as that of the current 1.4307/1.4404 austenitic steels. A few practical rules:

  • Preheating: preheating is not necessary, except perhaps for large components and only for homogenisation purposes (T° > 900°C)
  • Forging: steels are forged at a temperature of between 1200 and 900°C, but the best results are obtained at between 1200 and 1100°C (more ferritic tendency and greater metal malleability at high temperature)
  • Cooling: rapid water or oil-cooling is recommended, to avoid the formation of embrittling phases, particularly the sigma phase at a temperature of between 900 and 600°C.

  • Other

    Available products:


    ProductTolerance
    Hot rolled descaled bar13
    Cold finished drawn, turned, ground bars6-11


    Contact the supplier for any not listed.

    Welding

    The percentage of ferrite in the molten areas of Ugima® 4460 is higher when the composition of the filler metal is identical to that of the base metal. This should be taken into account when the optimum composition of the filler metal is determined. In addition, the areas affected by the heat are also liable to contain more ferrite than the base metal. To minimize this difference, linear energy welding is recommended to reduce cooling times. However, only energy that does not cause phase formation should be used. There is also a linear energy welding area where the two above-mentioned risks are lower. The thicker the components to be welded, the higher the energy in this area (i.e. rapid weld cooling).

    It is not advisable to preheat components prior to welding.

    Components should not be heat treated after welding, but the annealing treatment described in the "Heat treatment" section may be carried out, if necessary.

    In the case of an MIG weld, Ni-based fillers such as those made of Ni 6660 could be used to ensure ductility and corrosion resistance in the molten area.